Loading... <blockquote>在本博客中,ansible是一个系列文章,我们会尽量以通俗易懂的方式总结ansible的相关知识点。 ansible系列博文直达链接:<a href="https://www.zsythink.net/archives/tag/ansible/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ansible轻松入门系列</a> “ansible系列”中的每篇文章都建立在前文的基础之上,所以,请按照顺序阅读这些文章,否则有可能在阅读中遇到障碍。</blockquote> 假设你的ansible主机中有几个文件(注意:是ansible主机中的文件,不是远程目标主机中的文件),你想要获取到这些文件的内容,那么可以借助”with_file”关键字,循环的获取到这些文件的内容,示例如下: <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">---</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">- hosts: test70</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> remote_user: root</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> gather_facts: no</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> tasks:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - debug:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> msg: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"{{ item }}"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> with_file:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - /testdir/testdir/a.</span><span class="enlighter-m3">log</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - /opt/testfile</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 如上例所示,我们定义了一个列表,这个列表中有两个文件路径,分别是”/testdir/testdir/a.log”和”/opt/testfile”,这两个文件都是ansible主机中的文件,我们通过”with_file”关键字处理了这个列表,那么我们执行一下上例playbook,看看能不能获取到对应的文件内容,执行上例后debug模块输出信息如下: <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">TASK </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">debug</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span> <span class="enlighter-g0">*******************</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">ok: </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">test70</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">(</span><span class="enlighter-text">item=aaa</span><span class="enlighter-g1">)</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">{</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"changed"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-k1">false</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"item"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"aaa"</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"msg"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"aaa"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-g1">}</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">ok: </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">test70</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">(</span><span class="enlighter-text">item=test</span><span class="enlighter-g1">)</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">{</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"changed"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-k1">false</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"item"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"test"</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"msg"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"test"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-g1">}</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 如上所示,上例 playbook成功的获取到了文件列表中每个文件的内容,而且细心如你一定已经发现了,上例playbook的目标主机是test70,test70并非是ansible主机,而是一个远程目标主机,我的测试环境中,test71才是ansible主机,所以,可以发现,无论目标主机是谁,我们都可以通过”with_file”关键字获取到ansible主机中的文件内容,操作很简单吧。 了解完”with_file”关键字,再来聊聊另外一个关键字,它就是”with_fileglob” “with_file”是用来获取文件内容的,而”with_fileglob”是用来匹配文件名称的,我们可以通过”with_fileglob”关键字,在指定的目录中匹配符合模式的文件名,”with_file”与”with_fileglob”也有相同的地方,它们都是针对ansible主机的文件进行操作的,而不是目标主机,那么,我们来看一个”with_fileglob”小示例,示例如下: <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">---</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">- hosts: test70</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> remote_user: root</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> gather_facts: no</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> tasks:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - debug:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> msg: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"{{ item }}"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> with_fileglob:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - /testdir/*</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 如上例所示,我们定义了一个列表,这个列表中只有一个值,这个值是一个路径,路径中包含一个通配符,按照我们通常的理解,”/testdir/*”应该代表了/testdir目录中的所有文件,我们用”with_fileglob”处理了这个列表,那么我们来看看执行效果,执行后返回信息如下 <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">TASK </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">debug</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span> <span class="enlighter-g0">*************************</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">ok: </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">test70</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">(</span><span class="enlighter-text">item=/testdir/testfile</span><span class="enlighter-g1">)</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">{</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"changed"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-k1">false</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"item"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"/testdir/testfile"</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"msg"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"/testdir/testfile"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-g1">}</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">ok: </span><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">test70</span><span class="enlighter-g1">]</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">(</span><span class="enlighter-text">item=/testdir/test.</span><span class="enlighter-m3">sh</span><span class="enlighter-g1">)</span><span class="enlighter-text"> =</span><span class="enlighter-g1">></span> <span class="enlighter-g1">{</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"changed"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-k1">false</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"item"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"/testdir/test.sh"</span><span class="enlighter-text">,</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-s0">"msg"</span><span class="enlighter-text">: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"/testdir/test.sh"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-g1">}</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 从返回信息可以看出,上例playbook中的”/testdir/*”一共匹配到了两个文件,那么,”/testdir”目录中只有这两个文件么,我们来确认一下,查看”/testdir”目录中的文件,如下: <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-g1">[</span><span class="enlighter-text">root@test71 testdir</span><span class="enlighter-c0">]# ll /testdir</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">total </span><span class="enlighter-n1">16</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">drwxr-xr-x </span><span class="enlighter-n1">2</span><span class="enlighter-text"> root root </span><span class="enlighter-n1">4096</span><span class="enlighter-text"> Jul </span><span class="enlighter-n1">27</span> <span class="enlighter-n1">17</span><span class="enlighter-text">:</span><span class="enlighter-n1">26</span><span class="enlighter-text"> ansible</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">drwxr-xr-x </span><span class="enlighter-n1">2</span><span class="enlighter-text"> root root </span><span class="enlighter-n1">4096</span><span class="enlighter-text"> Jul </span><span class="enlighter-n1">19</span> <span class="enlighter-n1">16</span><span class="enlighter-text">:</span><span class="enlighter-n4">05</span><span class="enlighter-text"> testdir</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">-rw-r--r-- </span><span class="enlighter-n1">1</span><span class="enlighter-text"> root root </span><span class="enlighter-n1">99</span><span class="enlighter-text"> May </span><span class="enlighter-n1">25</span> <span class="enlighter-n1">14</span><span class="enlighter-text">:</span><span class="enlighter-n4">06</span><span class="enlighter-text"> testfile</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">-rwxr--r-- </span><span class="enlighter-n1">1</span><span class="enlighter-text"> root root </span><span class="enlighter-n1">81</span><span class="enlighter-text"> Mar </span><span class="enlighter-n1">17</span> <span class="enlighter-n1">13</span><span class="enlighter-text">:</span><span class="enlighter-n1">28</span><span class="enlighter-text"> test.</span><span class="enlighter-m3">sh</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 从上述信息可以看出,”/testdir”目录中一共有四项,两项是目录,两项是文件,而之前playbook匹配到的只有文件,并不包含目录,所以,我们需要注意的是,”with_fileglob”只会匹配指定目录中的文件,而不会匹配指定目录中的目录。 上例的playbook中,我们只指定了一个路径,当然,我们也可以指定多个路径,示例playbook如下: <div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-enlighter enlighter-hover enlighter-overflow-scroll"> <div class="enlighter-toolbar"> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy"></div> <div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window"></div> </div> <div class="enlighter"> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">---</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text">- hosts: test70</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> remote_user: root</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> gather_facts: no</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> tasks:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - debug:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> msg: </span><span class="enlighter-s0">"{{ item }}"</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> with_fileglob:</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - /testdir/*</span></div> </div> <div class=""> <div><span class="enlighter-text"> - /opt/test*.???</span></div> </div> </div> </div> 上例中我们定义了一个列表,这个列表中有两项,第一项表示匹配”/testdir”目录下的文件,第二项表示匹配”/opt”目录下,以”test”开头,以”. 任意3个字符”结尾的文件,比如”testa.123″或者”testfile.yml”,所以,执行上例playbook以后,这两个目录中符合条件的文件都会被匹配到,最终循环的被debug模块输出,你一定已经明白了,快动手试试吧~ 这篇文章就总结到这里,希望能够对你有所帮助~ 转载自朱双印日志https://www.zsythink.net/archives/2804 Last modification:May 29, 2024 © Allow specification reprint Like 如果觉得我的文章对你有用,请随意赞赏